Toxicology MSDT

BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR GENETICS

​​Topic 3: DNA and RNA metabolism

LEARNING OBJECTIVES
After completing this lesson, you will be able to:
  • Understand the mechanism of DNA replication.
  • Understand the process of gene expression.
  • List the main types of DNA mutation and mechanism of DNA repair.

Topic 3: Key Points
In this section, we explored the following main points:​
  • The process of DNA replication is controlled by several proteins that act together to assure the correct base pairing for creation of the new DNA strand.
  • Transcription is the first step of gene expression, in which a particular segment of DNA is copied into RNA (mRNA) by the enzyme RNA polymerase.
  • In translation, messenger RNA (mRNA)—produced by transcription from DNA—is decoded by a ribosome and tRNA to produce a specific amino acid chain, or protein.
  • Mutations are changes in the genetic sequence (DNA or RNA sequence), that can be beneficial or may result in damage, if not repaired.

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    ​Topic 3: Knowledge Check

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